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The Progress Paradox: Why Happiness Eludes Us Despite Material Wealth

Writer: Bill Carlson Bill Carlson

Introduction


In the post-World War II era, the Western world has experienced an unprecedented increase in living standards, particularly for those who aren't rich. The average person now enjoys a life of material comfort that would have been unimaginable a few generations ago. Leisure time, once the privilege of the elite, is now widely available. Modern communications have reduced isolation, and health standards have improved significantly. Despite these advancements, many people feel a deep sense of dissatisfaction and unhappiness.


This phenomenon is aptly explored in Gregg Easterbrook's book, "The Progress Paradox: How Life Gets Better While People Feel Worse." Easterbrook argues that although our lifestyles have improved in almost every measurable way, our happiness has not increased accordingly. In fact, material abundance may have a perverse effect, instilling a sense of unhappiness because it is impossible to have everything that modern economies can produce.


The Blurring of Needs and Wants


One of the key reasons for this paradox is the blurring of needs and wants. Historically, most people lived around their needs—a hard, meager existence focused on survival. Today, in the affluent Western world, needs have transformed into wants. The distinction between what we need and what we want has become so blurred that we find ourselves in a perpetual state of restlessness.


For example, consider the iPhone. Every year, a new model is released, each one more alluring than the last. This constant influx of new products leads many to feel deprived of the latest items they cannot acquire. As Easterbrook notes, "Wants are NEVER satisfied. Even a billionaire cannot have everything." This endless pursuit of material goods can become addictive, much like a drug, leading to a cycle of short-term satisfaction followed by renewed cravings.


The Paradox of Progress


The reality is that the inevitable rise in living standards has made people more affluent and given them more leisure time, yet it has not made them happier. Studies have shown that although material conditions have improved, the percentage of Americans describing themselves as "happy" has not changed since the 1950s. This suggests that happiness does not come from material wealth or the accumulation of goods.


This paradox can be illustrated through graphs comparing the standard of living with units of happiness from World War II to the present. Despite increases in per capita income, life expectancy, home size, the number of cars and vacations, IQ scores, and personal freedoms, reported levels of happiness have remained static.


The Pursuit of Happiness


Easterbrook's research highlights that happiness is a worthwhile and important goal. It is not an exercise in self-indulgence but one of life's primary objectives. Edward Diener, a leading researcher in positive psychology, coined the phrase "Subjective Well-Being (SWB)." Diener's studies reveal that lacking money can cause unhappiness, but having money does not necessarily cause happiness. As a group, older people tend to be happier than the young, and millionaires are no more happy than people of average income. Interestingly, disabled and chronically ill individuals often report a slightly higher sense of well-being, perhaps due to a heightened appreciation of their lives.


Chasing Butterflies: The Illusion of Happiness


In our modern society, many people chase after happiness like chasing butterflies. They believe that acquiring the latest gadget, achieving a certain status, or accumulating wealth will bring them contentment. However, happiness, much like a butterfly, cannot be caught by chasing it. It must come to us naturally.


To truly find happiness, we need to shift our focus from material possessions to more meaningful aspects of life. New psychological research suggests that it is in our self-interest to be forgiving, grateful, and optimistic. These qualities explain why some people are naturally happy, regardless of their material circumstances.


Gratitude, in particular, plays a crucial role in finding happiness. When we appreciate what we have and focus on the positive aspects of our lives, we create a mindset of contentment and joy. This is the essence of the HOGA (Honesty, Openness, Gratitude, Awareness) philosophy. By embracing these principles, we can stop chasing after happiness and allow it to come to us naturally.


The Role of Community and Relationships


Another critical aspect that contributes to happiness is the strength of our relationships and community connections. In a society where individualism often takes precedence, we sometimes overlook the importance of building and maintaining strong, supportive relationships. Studies have shown that people with strong social connections tend to be happier and healthier. Investing time and effort into nurturing our relationships can lead to a greater sense of belonging and emotional well-being.


Moreover, community engagement and contributing to the greater good can also enhance our sense of purpose and fulfillment. Volunteering, participating in local events, and supporting those in need not only benefit others but also foster a deeper sense of gratitude and interconnectedness within ourselves.


Embracing Mindfulness and Presence


In addition to gratitude and strong relationships, practicing mindfulness and being present in the moment are essential for achieving lasting happiness. In a fast-paced world filled with constant distractions, it is easy to get caught up in worries about the future or regrets about the past. Mindfulness encourages us to focus on the present moment, appreciate the here and now, and develop a deeper awareness of our thoughts and emotions.


Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, and mindful observation can help us cultivate this state of presence. By integrating mindfulness into our daily routines, we can reduce stress, enhance our emotional resilience, and ultimately find greater peace and contentment.


Conclusion


As a society, we have lost sight of what truly brings happiness and contentment. We are bombarded with messages that tell us we need more, better, and newer things to be happy. However, true happiness does not come from material wealth. It comes from within, from a mindset of gratitude, forgiveness, and optimism.


In a world where living standards are higher than ever, it is crucial to remember that happiness cannot be bought or acquired through possessions. Like a butterfly, happiness must be allowed to come to us naturally. By focusing on meaningful aspects of life, embracing the principles of HOGA, nurturing our relationships, and practicing mindfulness, we can find true contentment and joy.


Let us stop chasing after happiness and instead, let it find us.


Comments


What the Professionals Are Saying 

"I teach a course on negotiations, during which I spend a good deal of time talking about honesty and ethics in negotiations. As an ethics researcher, I think it is important that students not only understand strategies for successfully claiming value in negotiations, but also learn about the temptations they will face to engage in unethical bargaining, and unethical behavior more broadly in their professional careers. Bill brought this message to life. Bill explained to my students – with openness, authenticity, and scientific insight – the ethical missteps he took in his career. I am incredibly grateful to have had Bill in my class – I learned from him just as much as my students did. I think he would be a welcome, and much needed, addition to any course related to ethics, well-being, power and influence, or negotiations (and likely many more!)."   

                                                                        Professor Emma Levine/ University of Chicago Booth School of Business 

“Bill Carlson has a reservoir of experience that will resonate with college students and professionals from all walks of life. Seldom do you encounter an individual willing to openly share his foibles and mistakes in an attempt to deviate the life paths of those mutually-inclined to make the same errors. Bill lays his life bare in his presentation and shares the detrimental impact his decision-making had on his personal and professional life; yet he lays the foundation for an inroad to a better future built upon his gratitude for life, learning from his mistakes, and pursuit of his new definition of “life wholeness”.  

                                                                         Dr. William C. McCoy, Director/Rutland Institute for Ethics

                                                                         Visiting Professor, College of Education/Clemson University 

"For over 30 years, I have been teaching full- and part-time. For the past eleven years I have been a member of the accounting faculty at Fordham University. This semester, Fall 2021, Mr. Carlson agreed to speak with my students about his story, and I can say that I have had few guest speakers who delivered such a powerful message about the importance of professional obligations. It was the story of a seemingly nice guy who exhibited a lack of judgment and would pay a heavy price for it. Most importantly, it is a story of a man who reflected upon his moral lapse and has made a solid commitment to helping others."              

                                                                                       Timothy P. Hedley, Ph.D., CPA, CFF, CFE

                                                                            Retired Global Leader of Fraud Risk Management Services, KPMG LLP

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